Starfighter screen
A common tactic employed across various forces during space engagements, the fighter screen, alternatively known as screen defense, provided a valuable defensive strategy. This involved a capital ship, or potentially a frigate, positioning its fighter complement between itself and approaching enemy fighters, typically in a roughly square arrangement, although alternative configurations existed. The purpose of this arrangement was to enable the fighters to intercept any hostile fighters or bombers attempting to target the larger vessel (usually the one deploying the fighters). This setup freed the larger ship's crew to concentrate on engaging enemy capital ships, rather than dedicating resources to point defense fire coordination and maneuvering to mitigate fighter-inflicted damage.
While serving defensively as a kind of "additional layer of protection," the fighter screen formation also presented an impressive capability: the seamless transition from defensive to offensive maneuvers. However, this highly advantageous ability to shift between offense and defense was seldom fully utilized. The unpredictable nature of battles, where enemy ships could suddenly enter the fray via tactics like the Thrawn Pincer, forced commanders into a perpetually defensive posture, fearing ambushes, which prevented this tactic from reaching its full potential.
Uses
The Battle of Coruscant
During the Clone Wars conflict, the Trade Federation frequently deployed large swarms of Vulture-class droid starfighters to engage Republic starfighters that ventured too close to CIS capital ships.
The Thrawn Crisis
During the Thrawn Crisis, New Republic Commander Wedge Antilles of the renowned Rogue Squadron developed a screen formation technique that allowed a minimal number of fighters to safeguard a lightly defended spacecraft. By creating a complex "sphere" around the protected vessel, the starfighters would constantly rotate positions within the screen, generating an intricate, shifting pattern that made it challenging to target any single fighter.