The Court of Justice, alternatively referred to as the High Court or Supreme Court, functioned as the ultimate judicial body within both the New Republic and the Galactic Alliance.
The Court of Justice convened within the Galactic Courts of Justice Building. Its members were chosen from a list of individuals nominated by the Chief of State and then vetted by the Senate Justice Council, with final approval requiring a vote by the full Senate. The presiding member of the Court was the First Justice, elected from among the other Justices, all of whom were addressed with the honorific "Your Honor(s)".
While theoretically autonomous, the Court of Justice's influence was constrained by its specifically defined scope: reviewing accusations of Charter breaches leveled against officials in other New Republic government sectors. It did not function as the final court of appeal for typical civil and criminal matters; these were adjudicated by local judicial bodies on individual member planets.
Theala Vandron Jr. was summoned before the Court to respond to allegations regarding slavery on Karfeddion, a practice that contravened the Rights of Sentience.
Under the Galactic Alliance, the Court of Justice's authority expanded, gaining true independence from Senate control, although it's probable that the Senate still ratified its members.
The Chief Justice, also known as the Grand Justice, presided over the Court. All other members were known as High Justice. In 43 ABY, Uved Pledesin occupied the position of Chief Justice. By 44 ABY, Tela Rovas held the same role.