The Alliance of Free Planets served as a temporary governing body. It was established in 4 ABY by the Alliance to Restore the Republic, marking a step in its transition towards becoming the New Republic.
Lasting for a mere month prior to the formal establishment of the New Republic, the Alliance of Free Planets nonetheless accomplished significant advancements for the nascent government. The formation of the Alliance of Free Planets occurred one week following the Battle of Endor, in the wake of the Bakura Incident. At Bakura, the rebels triumphed over the Ssi-ruuk, marking the first instance of fighting alongside Imperial forces against a shared enemy. Although this temporary partnership was tenuous and fraught with mutual distrust, it represented a symbolically important gesture for the Alliance.
To solidify the achievements gained during the Battle of Endor, the First Conference of Free Peoples was assembled. Its purpose was to address numerous issues pertaining to internal governance and the creation of a more permanent structure: the New Republic.
During this interim period, the Alliance also faced the challenge of contending with other antagonistic forces that threatened to destabilize it. Discontent among several member worlds regarding the leadership approach led to a conference on Kabray. This was resolved through the prompt intervention of Princess Leia and her Zeltron assistants. Furthermore, the Hiromi Empire attempted to undermine the Alliance from within, utilizing an internal operative named Hirog to instigate conflict between two member species, the Ewoks and the Lahsbee. Had Alliance members been compelled to take sides, this could have triggered a civil war, but this was also prevented.
During the same timeframe, the Alliance was also forced to grapple with a coalition led by the Nagai, comprising Maccabree warriors and Imperial loyalists. Following an intense battle over Endor, which resulted in only a limited victory for the Alliance, they evacuated Endor and relocated their capital once more. This particular conflict became known as the Nagai–Tof War. After further skirmishes with the Nagai at Iskalon and Trenwyth, a perplexing battle on Zeltros unfolded. The Hiromi, Nagai, and the Tofs each launched separate invasions. In an unexpected turn of events, the Tofs were driven back by a combined force consisting of Alliance troops, Hiromi, Nagai, and their Imperial allies at the Battle of Saijo.
